The Mediating Role of Job Demands and Emotional Exhaustion between Customer and Employee Incivility

The present study aimed to survey the mediating factors of the relationship between customer Incivility and Employee Incivility. Workplace incivility research has focused on within-organizational sources of incivility, and less attention has been paid to outside-organizational sources such as customers. In this cross-sectional field study, from 360 service employees who work in different departments of the Social Security Organization in Ahwaz city, 153 persons were selected randomly as a sample. The response rate for the survey was 87% (n = 133). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS v.19.0 and Amos v.18.0 softwares. Means, standard deviations, correlations, reliability estimates (Cronbach alphas), factor analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted to test the hypotheses and model fitness. Briefly, the results show that customer incivility toward employees is related to employee incivility toward customers through job demands first and then emotional exhaustion. Finally, after discussing the results, limitations and practical implications, a number of directions highlighted for future research. (α=0.05).