Studying and Comparing the Soil Characteristics of Gullies (Case Study: Chabar and Sistan Region)

Nowadays, the population growth leads to increasing the demand for food, which typically causes additional use of arable land and water. Improper use of the earth due to population growth leads to environmental degradation, economicandsocial challenges, low- income housing and migration to other part of country or the world. The most part of soil loss is through water erosion in the world. Gully erosion is a highly visible form of the soil erosion that not only affects soil productivity and restricts land use, but also threatens infrastructure.
The present research aims at studying and comparing soil characteristics of gullies formed in the two regions which are sensitive to erosion (Chabahar and Sistan). In the present study, the available Geologic maps, aerialphotographs, Jammab map and field observation were applied to find gully erosion region. The kind of dominant climate was recognized. Moreover, two gullies in each region were selected in which the gully morphometric and natural characteristic were measured. Soil samples were taken from, 25%, 50%, and 75% of gully length at each location which were analyzed for soil characteristic and pH, EC, SAR, CEC, ESP, SP and texture. The data were analyzed using SPSSsoftware. The findings indicate that there are no statistically significant differences among the region soil properties. The profile typesofgully-headin Chabahar and Sistan are cave and vertical, respectively.