Indigenous knowledge application of geomorphological effects (river mudding) and its role in maintaining water and soil

lack of water have been always one of the most obstacles in process of agricultural development in arid and low rainfall climates. During time, farmers have devised and developed numerous methods in the form of their indigenous knowledge to deal with lack of water and outcomes resulting from that. Nowadays, in the management of water resources of rural, to cope effectively with lack of water, it is necessary to seriously be considered indigenous knowledge. Conflation of indigenous knowledge of each region with new knowledge can be considered as the best option in operation of water and soil resources. In this research, we introduce and review one of the Indigenous methods maintaining water and soil in east country called "river mudding" and direct application of geomorphological effects marly hills in the kalateh-Sadat village of Davarzan city from Razavi Khorasan province. In this study, using library studies, preparation of area digital models by Arc GIS, field work and water and sediment sampling, interview with local farmers, the physicochemical experiments and statistical analysis in SPSS, is examined the positive or negative effects this method and the role of geomorphological effects in maintaining of water and soil. Results of this study show that this method is the best economic-indigenous method for maintaining moisture and restoration of soil texture lands agricultural and is water transfer agent of the permeable lands alluvial fan to agricultural lands downstream. Considering the statistical reasons and reviewing of other research in this regard, river mudding not only do not be cause incidence of significant changes in water quality of river and weakening the quality of agricultural region water, but also caused be change of texture and soil compositions, fertility of agricultural lands and As well as reduce losses due to evaporation and infiltration into the aquifer low quality.