Atmospheric Pressure Indices and Climate of Iran

Identifying the climatic indices and study of teleconnection is an important method in association with the purpose of synoptic climatology science. What are the most important indicators for Iran's climate? For this aim, digital data of daily height for important atmospheric levels from the National Centers for environmental prediction and Atmospheric research for a period of 63 years (1948-2010) and daily temperature and precipitation data for 43 synoptic stations was received in 30years (since 1977-2008). from meteorological organization of Iran. By using the analysis method of main component the important atmospheric indices in the geographical limit of northern latitude of 10 to 70 degrees and 10 to 80 degrees of geographical east longitude for the cold half of year (fall and winter) were identified and through correlation method, the manner and importance of each one of these indices in Iran's climate were determined. The results showed that there are seven climatic indexes in the under study geographic area and the most important of them for Iran's climate from beginning of cold season up to the middle of March include the indices of Central Asia ,North Siberia, Western Europe, Anatolia and the Western Mediterranean respectively. Indicators have the greatest impacts on the temperature of Iran’s climate and their precipitation effect is zonal. Most of the precipitation relationship is between the Caspian Sea coastal area and the index of Central Asia and Scandinavia - Central Siberia respectively in autumn and winter and whole of Iran with western Mediterranean. Thus, according to tobler’s principal in geography, the centers and the most important indicators of Iran's climate are near Iran and their importance is more than the climatic indices located in far away distances.