Evaluation of ecological requirements, Essential oil composition, total phenol and flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of Phlomis herba-venti in HezarJerib area of Behshahr

The aim of this study is an investigation of most important ecological requirements, essential oil composition, total phenol, flavonoid and antioxidant activity of Phlomis herba-venti in HezarJerib area of Behshahr, Mazandaran province. Along with the review of floristic list of species in the study area, the most important of ecological requirements, their Ethno pharmacology and phenology were recorded and studied. The aerial parts of plant in blooming were collected in June 2015 from Hezarjerib area ( 1000- 2000 m) . Five soil samples were taken to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of soil. Essential oil was obtained by water distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The ethanol extracts were obtained by percolation method. Total phenol (TP) and total flavonoids (TF) were measured by spectrophotometery and antioxidant activity was measured by scavenging free radicals of DPPH. Results were showed that the Phlomis herba-venti usually was grew wild in 2000 m region with average annual rainfall 383 mm, the average annual temperature 12.44 Co, organic matter percentage 5.06%, pH 7.53, EC 0.62 in and sandy loam soil . The plant vegetative growth in early May, flowers appeared in June and fruit disperse in late of September. Biological spectrum was showed that 47 genus and 55 species were grew wild in this region and the Phlomis herba-venti has been used as anti inflammation and anti infection in traditional medicine of this region. Germacrene-D (54.47%) and caryophyllene (15.81%) were the main essential oil component of this plant. Total phenol content (120.40 mg GAE g 01 DW) and total flavonoids content (3.2 mg QUE g 01 DW) were reported and the antioxidant activity were determined with IC50=3.9 ppm. So these results were confirmed the traditional uses of this plant in this area as an anti inflammation and anti infection.