Anticancer activity evaluation of methanolic extract of Allium Jesdianum and Nectaroscordeum Coelzi against HeLa and K562 cell lines

Cancer is a complex disease with genetic alterations. One of the many ways to improve and prevent this patient is chemotherapy that due to the emergence of drug resistance, side effects of synthetic drugs and high medical potential of plants, the aim of this study was to investigate anticancer activity of the methanolic extract of Allium Jesdianum and Nectaroscordeum Coelzi (Liliaceae family) against human cancer HeLa and K562 cell lines.
In an experimental study, after acquiring methanolic Allium Jesdianum and Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extracts, their effects on HeLa and K562 cell lines were investigated and compared with cyclophosphamide standard drug at 24, 48, 72 hour after incubation and different concentrations of extracts ranging from 31.25 to 250 µg/ml using MTT assay.
In vitro biological results indicated that inhibition of the titled cell lines in a dose dependent manner. Also, based on the data obtained, most toxicity is 48 hour after increase of plant extracts. Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extract treated HeLa cell line exhibited higher toxic effects than Allium Jesdianum extract, whereas Allium Jesdianum extract exhibit stronger cytotoxicity than Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extract at the tested concentrations on K562 cell lines. Additionally, the screening data reveal that the selected extracts were more potent in comparison with cyclophosphamide against the studied cell lines.
This study demonstrates effectiveness of methanolic Allium Jesdianum and Nectaroscordeum Coelzi extracts in cervical and leukemia cancer for the first time. Furthermore, the tested extracts can be used to investigate in vivo studies.