The evaluation of microorganisms obtained from admitted neonates after three days and the factors affect nosocomial infections, at neonatal ward & NICU ward, Emam sajad hospital, Yasooj

Neonatal sepsis is Any systemic bacterial infection proven with positive blood culture within the first month of life. Neonatal Infections are transmitted after birth by direct contact with hospital personnel, mother and contaminated equipment. Nosocomial infections are infections occur after the third day of life and not transmitted directly from the mother's genital tract. Risk factors for nosocomial infections are prematurity, low birth weight, aggressive measures, frequent use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and long-term stay in the hospital.
This longitudinal descriptive study was done over 8 months on 100 neonates with suspected late-onset sepsis in the neonatal and Nicu ward of Imam Sajjad Hospital of Yasooj. In these neonates , organisms that was growth in blood cultures and risk factors involved in nosocomial infections were evaluated. Because of negative results of blood cultures , laboratory(CRP positive,Abnormal WBC & Plt) and clinical parameters ( intubation) were considered as a measure of hospital infections. Chi-square test was performed for the association between potential risk factors and severity of nosocomial infections. SPSS was used for statistical analysis and the significant statistical association was shown with P Sent through blood cultures from patients 61 (61%) cases were male and 39 (39%) were female, except for a 1 positive blood culture with Staphylococcus aureus, No blood cultures were positive. Among those selected patients, 57% (57 cases) had gestational ages less than 37 wks and others had more than 37 wks, that in premature neonates there were significant statistical correlation with sepsis (P= 0). Of the patients on admission, 78 cases (78%) had ages less than 24 hrs that we found significant statistical correlation with sepsis in those neonates (P= 0.01). 57 cases (57%) of patients had birthweight less than 2500 grs that had significant statistical correlation with sepsis. 38 cases (38%) of neonates had history of invasive procedures specially using mechanical ventilator that had significant statistical correlation with sepsis (P= 0.001). Also blood sampling more than 3 times in 24 hours had significant statistical correlation with sepsis in neonates.
Nearly all of sent blood cultures except for one case, were negative and prematurity, birthweight less than 2500 grs, admission age less than 24 hrs,blood sampling more than 3 times in 24 hours and invasive procedures specially using mechanical ventilator were introduced as risk factors of nosocomial infection and more sever sepsis in selected patients.