Typology of Traditional Houses (Case study: Halasem Village- of Chardavol Township)

Rural architecture of western areas has evolved slowly over time basis, and contains theoretical component associated with its own structure, which is secure and maintains its originality in terms of imports, against invasion. Chardanol is a county of Ilam province with cold climate and mountain slopes located at the Zagros Mountains and the West of Iran. Cold winters, high mountains, dramatic topography of the area and lack of flat land for the construction are the main factors shaping the region's architecture. Settlement of the Western Iran has a special architecture based on the topography and climate of the city in which the village Halasem, Chardavol enjoys special importance. In this paper the attempt is to examined and analyzed Halasem village architecture specifications. Research information is collected by library study and field observations. The population consisted of 150 residential building, 45 traditional houses that have valuable architecture. So, first of all the village tissue examined that is shaped on the climate and geography, and then the physical elements of village and rural areas in buildings and species is discussed. The results show that for enjoying the sunshine in winter, most of the buildings in the village are facing south direction and streets are formed on the east-west direction. There are two architecture model in the rural context of Halasem: there are two types of two-room house, porch and patio rooms and houses lacking or two floors. Porch house with several rooms having residential spaces is a part of services with 64%, are the highest in the village traditional context and porch houses with two rooms (non-living) with 27% and no porch houses in the residential area on the barn, hillside topography also benefit from the presence of animals heat from the ground floor up to 9%, create the lowest tissue of the village.