Phytochemical, antioxidant and antibacterial activities in Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss, Rhazya stricta L., Salvadora persica L., Teucrium polium L., Hibiscus sabdariffa L. from Sistan and Baluchestan province

This present study is carried out to evaluate the phytochemical compounds such as total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of three extracts (methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous) in five different species of medicinal plants: Pulicaria gnaphalodes (Vent.) Boiss., Rhazya stricta L., Salvadora persica L., Teucrium polium L., and Hibiscus sabdariffa L.. These samples were collected in different regions from Sistan and Baluchestan, 2014.The plant extracts were obtained by maceration method, phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by Folin-Ciocaltiu and Aluminum Chloride colorimetric, antioxidant activities were studied by two methods (DPPH and FRAP) and then antimicrobial activities were estimated by Disk-Diffusion method against four bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. The results were showed that in all species, the methanolic extract had high amount of secondary compounds, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. The methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. had maximum total phenolic (32.54±6.44 mgGAE/g) , flavonoid contents(27.11±1.00mgQUE/g) and antioxidant activity, (IC50=17.34±1.21µg/ml, 55.19±2.27 mM Fe2﹨) and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone (27±1.00mm) was the most sensitive bacteria to plant extracts. In contrast, the aqueous extract of Teucrium polium L. had the minimum value of total phenolic , flavonoid contents , antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity .Overall, these plants could be a good candidate for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidative stress and pathogenic microbes.