Concentration of Maternal Serum 25-Hydroxy Vitamin D and Gestational 2 Diabetes Mellitus Risk

The present study was designed to primarily investigate the association between serum 25 (OH) vitamin D levels and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in a sample of Iranian woman.
In the present cross-sectional study 136 pregnant women (68 with GDM and 68 non GDM) who were referred to a university hospital clinic of the Tabriz University of Medical Sciences during July to September 2016 were studied. All pregnant women were assessed for GDM and also serum vitamin D was assessed in all participants.
The mean serum 25(OH) D of pregnant women was 13.42±7.78 ng/mL. In the term of the mean serum 25(OH) D level, there was not significant differences between GDM (14.45±8.73) and non-GDM (12.38±6.62) pregnant women (p=0.12). Totally 83.8% of participants were vitamin D deficient and 11.8% of them had insufficient amount of serum vitamin D. Only 4.4% of participants were vitamin D sufficient. The results of logistic regression analysis showed no significant association between GDM and vitamin D status in both unadjusted and adjusted (for mother`s age, parity, BMI and gestational week) models.
The results of the present study could not show any association between serum vitamin D and GDM. It seems that other factors rather than serum level of 25 (OH) vitamin D level likely explain the growing prevalence of GDM.