An Analysis of Attar Nishapuri's Mantiq-ut-Tayr and Mosibat-Nama based on Bruner and Vigotsky's Theory of Constructivism

Constructivism as a new theory in philosophy of teaching and learning can be applied to analyze didactic and mystical texts. According to this theory, people are prominently involved in understanding and learning concepts and facts. According to this view, human beings construct their understanding and new knowledge through interaction with what they already know, and ideas, events and activities that confront them. In this paper, Attar's mystical teachings in Mantiq-ut-Tayr and Mosibat-Nama are analyzed based on constructive theory. It is concluded that in the educational relationship of the teacher and the disciple, Attar wants to define the mystical path in order to reach personal transformation. The internal motivation of the disciple, active participation in group discussions, the travel route and cognitive processes, facilitating discovery and learning methods are the most important factors found in these works.