Cubic Architecture and Modern Residential Architecture in Turkey and Iran (1930s)

By investigating the modern architecture in Turkey and Iran, it is observed that the "modern house" discourse is a major part of the architecture in these two countries. The modern architectural idealists in the West introduced residential architecture as the essence of modern architecture and considered it an important and significant subject. Naturally, this view was influenced by the culture of Turkish-Iranian architecture in the early twentieth century. Therefore, it is necessary to study the effects of modern architecture on the residential architecture of these countries and understand the reasons for their similarities and differences. Hence, this paper seeks to study the impacts and their causes. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cubic architecture on modern residential buildings in Iran and Turkey, and presents comparative study on the developments in residential architecture of the two countries in the early twentieth century. In this study, the differences and similarities between the underlying factors and the developments of residential architecture were have beeninvestigated in two countries. Alao we have tried to present the comparative study of developments in Residential Architecture in the 1930s, for both countries.
In this study, a comparative- analytical research method has been used. Library method has been used to gather the information. three buildings from Iran and three buildings from Turkey have been selected to do th comparative study. Then the characteristics were evaluated for the purpose of comparison. The results of this study show that, a comparative study on residential architecture from different aspects in the two periods of the republic and Pahlavi I, thre is general similarity in follow-up of Bauhaus and expressionism current in the emergence of fundamentally new forms of residential architecture of this period. Cubic houses have different structural and formal qualities. The structure of the organization of the cubic Plans can be divided into four categories: Plans with a central plateSoffeh, an inner plateSoffeh, an external plateSoffeh and without plateSoffeh that have a mutual relationship with the traditional architecture of these cou