A Review on Amyloid Beta Peptides and Tau Proteins Involved in the Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer’s disease as a neurodegenerative disorder is known as a main cause of cognitive problems including learning and memory. Indeed, more than half of people with senile dementia suffer from the disease. The Alzheimer’s disease is resulted from numerous factors such as biochemical disorders in protein production, uncontrolled electrical activity of neurons and changes in level of some key neurotransmitters in the brain. Oxidative stresses, increased glutamate dependent neurotoxicity, decreased release of acetyl choline and inflammation of the brain tissue are the main factors involving in the Alzheimer’s disease. However, abnormal forms of amyloid beta peptides as well as tau proteins have key role in emergence of the disease. The present study reviews the critical involvement of amyloid beta peptides and tau proteins in modification of neuronal function leading to the Alzheimer’s disease.