Requirements of Field Hospitals by considering passive defense using the Delphi technique

Whenever natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, or human-made disasters such as war or terrorist attacks occur, the importance of field hospitals become prominent. The aim of this study is to determine the structural and architectural requirements for the construction of Fix and mobile field hospitals according to passive defense during the crisis from the Experts point of view.
This is an analytical cross-sectional study with the aim of determining the appropriate structural and architectural requirements of field hospitals considering passive defense in crisis situations. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and Delphi technique is used. A researcher-made questionnaire was prepared in the field of engineering (civil engineering and architecture) (containing 53 questions) which are completed by relevant experts. The data analyzed by SPSS 16 software using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, middle) and Kruskal Wallis / Mann-Whitney tests are performed. 0.05 was considered as level of significance.
In order to verify the reliability, using 20 questionnaires that were filled in pilots, Cronbach's alpha coefficients was 0.81. Based on the results, the maximum and a minimum number of participants were in groups 25-35 and 25-20 years (29.73% and 16.21% respectively), and the majority of participants (85.13%) Were male.The percentage of people with bachelor, MSC, and Ph.D. were 24.22%, 63.5%, and 12.16% respectively and 84.95% had an experience crisis attendance. There was no significant relationship between demographic characteristics (sex, age ...) and their attitude (p The results of this study showed that, the correct placement of field hospitals (4.59 out of 5), locating and accessory (4.3 out of 5), the use of concrete buried structures in soil (4.27 out of 5) and equipping Hospitals with protective filters against the attacks (4.5 out of 5) are the most important ones to be considered. In general, the results of this study showed that engineering requirement mixed with managerial and military considerations and it is unique for every location and Emergencies.