The Role of Shiite Theologians in The Development of Theology in the 4th and 5th Centuries, Centered on the Baghdad School

The fourth and fifth centuries are the most important periods in the history of Islamic civilization. During this period, with the coming of the Shiite government of Buyid dynasty in Baghdad and other Shii governments in Islamic major centers, Islamic civilization experienced one of the most salient periods. Meanwhile, the Imamiyah’s theologians of the Baghdad School, such as Nobakhties, Sheikh Mofid, Seyyed Murtaza and Sheikh Tusi, played a major role in the development of Islamic sciences and Islamic culture and civilization.
In addition to theology, the Nobakhties, for centuries, have been a reliable reference for thinkers in the field of the history of thought, wrote works such as "al-Ara’a Va al-Dianat". Likewise, Sheikh Mofid and his students, with the writing of hundreds of works such as Avael al-Maghlat, Al-zaqirah, Al-Shafi and Al-Eqtesad, left a precious heritage in Islamic sciences, which has so far been regarded as one of the most prestigious scholarly works of Imamiyah. The Imamiyah’s theologians of Baghdad school, by establishing libraries and religious schools, trained students in theology, who, in returning to their homeland, spread theology in the Islamic lands, and ultimately, the flood of scientific treatises and scientific writings, containing the controversial questions and controversies of the writers, flowed to Baghdad. These evidences suggest that the Imamiyah’s theologians of the Baghdad School played an important role in the development of Islamic sciences.