The effects of lead and cadmium contamination on seed germination of sorghum(Sorghum bicolor L.)

To investigate the effect of lead and camium contamination on sorghum germination cul.Kimia, a factorial experiment designed as randomized complete blocks with three replications were conducted in the laboratory of Agricultural Faculty of Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Pishva. Factors included lead chloride (0 (P0), 60 µmol. L (P1), 120µmol.L(P2)) and cadmium chloride (0 (C0), 30µmol. L (C1) , 60µmol.L (C2), 90 µmol.L(C3)). The results showed that lead chloride had significant effect on final germination percentage, root fresh weight; shoot fresh weight at 5%. And on dry weight of shoot, root length catalase 1%. Simple effect of cadmium chloride on root fresh weight, dry weight of shoot, and root length was significant at 5% and catalase, acid phosphatase, and &-amylase at 1%. The interactive effects of lead chloride and cadmium chloride were significant on shoot dry weight and root length at 1% but not significant on other attributes. Comparison of interaction effects lead chloride, cadmium chloride on the root length showed that the maximum value is 4mm related to treatment of non-use of cadmium chloride and non-use of lead chloride and lowest related to 1.8 mm with treatment of 120 µmoles per liter of lead chloride and 90 µmoles per liter of cadmium chloride. The comparison of average interaction effects of lead chloride and cadmium chloride on dry weight of shoot showed that the maximum value of 0.018g is related to treatment of non-use of lead chloride and 60 µmoles per liter of cadmium chloride and lowest related to 0.001g with treatment of 120 µmoles per liter of lead chloride and 90 µmoles per liter of cadmium chloride. The best performance was seen in traits related to treatment.