Reviews of assessment procedures and analysis of the quality and aesthetics of the environment and the urban landscape

Aesthetics as a distinct system in West philosophy and science did not have a difinite ed place until the mid-eighteenth century. Since the eighteenth-century the concept of aesthetic has been become more psychological and beauty has been considered in relation to perception and the observer has also become one of the effective factors of beauty. Human being has two emotional and rational aspects and perception of beauty is a soul activity and this activity does not take place unless by a stimulus from the outside world which ultimately results in three feedbacks (pleasure, surprise, value). Urban landscapes also should include needs of different aspects of human life simultaneously. In professional evaluation models, valuation is done based on the visual aspect of landscape and the beauty in nature (objective). And in the assessment by people's preferences, valuation is done based on people's perception of the landscape. In this study, by the research on evaluation procedures in the existing theories and by investigating the relationship between physical, psychological reactions of the human being and the beautiful perspectives, we have tried to introduce different (psychological) aspects of the perspective assessment. Physiologic and emotional reactions after engaging the human senses in the landscape will result in some feedback such as stress reduction, changes in heart rate, changes in the pupil of the eye, the skin and facial muscles changes and etc. These feedbacks can be used as benchmarks to measure the three reactions to post beauty (pleasure, surprise, value) and as the effective parameters in landscape design.