A Study on the Functions of Policing Developments in Crime Prevention

The occurrence of rapid changes and developments in current societies in different areas has also affected police organizations and law enforcement agencies so that they have undergone remarkable developments, taking new forms and approaches in their historical development for serving and performing new functions. In the process of policing specialization in terms of genealogy in examining the related texts, the nature of the police actions can be observed in three forms of traditional policing, professional policing and community policing, but some texts only refer to two kinds of traditional policing and community-oriented policing. According to the traditional policing approach, order is the outcome of impersonal relationships between police and citizens, paramilitary leadership structure and placing greater emphasis on the strong police presence and quick reaction to criminal behaviors or actions with the aim of making and keeping peace, but in recent decades some new approaches such as community-oriented policing (COP), problem-oriented policing (POP) and hot spots policing (HSP) have emerged and used effectively in police organizations and this clearly has had a significant influence on crime prevention and reduction. Although in recent years serious discussions have been held on the role of various factors in crime reduction around the world, many researchers, police practitioners and even the general public regard new policing strategies and approaches as the main factors for this.