Risk Factors for the Development of Renal Stones: A Case-Control Study

Kidney stones are the third most common problems in the urinary tract. According to the economic burden and its rising trend, it seems, knowing the associated factors can prevent the spread and cost of it. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the risk factors of kidney stones.
This study was a retrospective case-control study that the case group consisted of 124 persons over the age of 18 which referred to lithotripsy centers and Yazd Khatamolanbiya clinic who for the first time they had been diagnosed with stones and the control group consisted of 186 persons over the age of 18 who had no symptoms or history of kidney stones. They were at the same time attended in the hospital with case group. The data collected through a questionnaire and interviews face to face. The data analyzed using SPSS19 software by chi-square and t logistic regression.
In this study, education level(OR=0.63, CI 95%=(.51,.77)) and family history (OR=2.1, CI 95%=(1.3,3.3)) were the only factors that were influential in the development of kidney stones.The results also showed that drinking water, low-fat dairy, consumption of fruits, and vegetables reduce the risk of stones, but drinking tea has the direct relationship with the risk of kidney stones.
Although family history and genetic expression are unchangeable, but we can greatly decrease the percentage of patients with raising awareness and changing of their diet.