Characteristic of Immune response induced by live attenuated Gorgan goat pox strain vaccine against lump skin disease in cattle

Lumpy skin disease virus (LSD), Goatpox virus and Sheeppox virus are members of genus Capripoxvirus of the Poxviridae, which have close genetic similarity. Therefore, the use of CaPV-vaccine strains derived from sheep and goat would be useful to protect cattle against LSD. The aim ofthis study was to evaluate the immune responses characteristics of available goat pox vaccine against LSD in cattle. All immunized calves were daily examined for any increase of rectal temperature and appearance of adverse reaction for 5 weeks following vaccination. Humoral immune responses were evaluated by serum neutralization test and cellular immune response were evaluated by MTT, Real-time PCR and ELISA tests. The results showed that theFever and localized swelling at the injection site were observed in vaccinated calves, in comparison to the control group. In assessing of humoral immune response, a significant increase in the neutralizing antibody titer was observed in the vaccinated group in comparison to control group, although this difference in days 35 was higher than the other days (p<0.05). In assessing the cellular immune response, a significant increase was shown for IFN-γ gene expression on day 7 and for IL-4 gene expression on day 21 postvaccination in comparison to day 0 and control group (P<0.05), While the highest cytokine production in cell culture supernatant for IFN-γ and IL-4 was observed at day 21 postvaccination (P<0.05). Also, the lymphocyte proliferation index in vaccinated calves showed a significant increase on day 7, 21, and 35 in comparison to day 0 and control group (P<0.05). According to the results of this study, the results of this study indicated, that goat pox-vaccine due to induction of high level of antibody titer, higher lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-γ and IL-4 production has a good immunogenic response, So It considered suitable vaccine to control of LSD.