Transition Pathway analysis of Iran renewable energy socio-technical system based on Multi-level Perspective (MLP) approach

Substituting renewable energy for part of fossil fuels in Iran, appropriate policies need to be adopted. Obviously, before policy making, the substitution pathway must be determined so that it can make the transition happen by adopting appropriate policies. To this end, the purpose of this paper is to define renewable energy transition pathway in Iran.
In this regard, firstly based on transition studies and also niche, regime and landscape levels (macro level), Iran renewable energy development process has been described and the parameters are simultaneously extracted to identify the transition pathway. Then it has been tried to obtain the technological transition pathway of Iran renewable energy by measuring these parameters.
Based on the results obtained from this study, Iran technological transition pathway in its second and third phases is a “transformation pathway (layering)” and in the fourth phase, it is changing from “transformation pathway (layering)” to “technological substitution”. It is necessary to adopt appropriate policies for facilitating the rest of the pathway for Iran renewable energy transition to reach its destination.