Detection and identification of priority of problems among Iranian triple helix actors using TRIZ (Case: Nanotechnology)

University-industry-government (UIG) interactions are now seen extremely crucial for enhancing national innovation. Considering the existence of Iran among the top 20 countries in terms of the number of Nano-related articles, the purpose of this study is the explanation of problems and contradictions preventing dynamic and coherence collaboration among UIG in Nanotechnology in Iran using TRIZ. Finally, 63 inventive problems were identified and modeled in the form of 94 physical contradictions (PC) and 130 technical contradictions (TC). This study used TRIZ for the explanation of the problems and contradiction among TH actors, for the first time. As this study used an in-depth approach for this purpose, the results shed lighted on many ways for further theoretical and applied studies in the TRIZ and STI disciplinary fields.