Introducing Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) Tool to Preserve and Revitalize Wetlands Ecosystems

The limitation of environmental resources and their reduction due to the expansion of production activities creates many problems for today's society and future generations. Therefore, it is necessary to use various tools, including economic instruments, in order to rationalize the use of these resources. Hence, in the various countries of the world, the use of economic instruments as complementary to environmental protection policies has been considered as a key and effective component. One of the marketbased tools in this regard is the Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) approach. Payments for ecosystem services are payments to actions that raise the level of ecosystem services desirable . In fact, it is an expert term used to describe a range of innovative projects in which investors or users of natural services, such as ecosystem services, make payments to providers of these services and sponsor them. This tool, while clarifying the status of stakeholders and defining a framework for cooperation and the division of tasks between them, by creating structures such as the market and the financing entity, will be a guarantor of sustainability and protecting natural ecosystems in the form of a long-term plan. In this study, we outline the dimensions, framework, and implementation methods and the requirements for the realization and sustainability of the PES approach. Based on internal and external experiences, the areas of effective application of this instrument in the country in order to systematize the role of stakeholders in good governance ecosystems are introduced. The information provided in this study can be used for guidance on the use of this instrument for the preservation and revitalization of natural ecosystems, including wetlands in the country. JEL Classification: Q57, E42.