The application of gas chromatography to detect and analyze the fatty acids content and its phytochemical properties in Ferulago angulate (Schlecht.) Boiss

Chavil (Ferulago angulata (Schlecht.) Boiss.), belonging to the apiaceae family, consists of 35 species in the world. While seven species exist in Iran, three species including Ferulago phialocarpa, Ferulago contracta Boiss., and Ferulago angulata are native to Khuzestan province. The present research was conducted to determine the composition and content of fatty acids, phenolic compounds, flavonoid, tannin and antioxidant in Ferulago angulata native to Izeh region, Khuzestan province. In this research, different organs of the plant were collected in may 2016 and dried under certain conditions. The measurement of compounds in the seeds was performed. The content of phenol and total flavonoid in the methanol, ethanol, and water extracts was measured with spectrophotometric method and the results were expressed as mg of gallic acid per mg of dry matter. The total tannin content of samples was determined using tannic acid as standard spectrophotometrically. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of plant extracts was evaluated by inhibiting free radical 2, 2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Oil extraction from seeds was carried out by Soxhlet apparatus using n-hexane as solvent, and the GC-Mass method was used to identify the compounds in the plant oil. According to the results of this research, carried out on the seeds of this plant for the first time, it was determined that oleic acid (63.6%) and linoleic acid (19.7%) had the highest content of fatty acid and the lowest content of fatty acid content was related to myristic acid and heptadecanoic acid (0.1%).