The Simulated Height Promotes PGC1α related- Adaptive Pathway toward Angiogensis further than Aerobic Training in the Heart Tissue of Wistar Male Rats.

Hypoxia and exercise training increase the capillary density of the muscle and the heart and is one of the important reasons for the development of aerobic exercise and the prevention and treatment of many diseases. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of simulated heights and aerobic training on PGC-1α angiogenesis in the heart tissue. Thirty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups; normal control, hypoxia, and training groups. Hypoxia group was exposed to chronic intermittent and Isobaric hypoxia. And exercise group ran on a treadmill (22-26 meter per min) for 8 weeks, 5 session/ weeks. Then, relative protein density of PGC-1α, VEGFA and ERRα were measured with western blot method. The result showed that intermittent hypoxia and exercise training significantly increased relative protein density of PGC-1α, VEGFA compared to the control group (P= 0.001). Also, PGC-1α index was significantly different between the exercise and hypoxia groups (P= 0.017). However, VEGFA index was not significantly different between the exercise and hypoxia groups (P= 0.496). Also, the relative protein density of ERRα was significantly different between the control and hypoxia groups (P= 0.40), but there was no significant difference between the control group with exercise (P= 0.552) and exercise with hypoxia (P= 0.465). Aerobic exercise training and hypoxia are an effective stimulants for activating the signaling pathways of angiogenesis. The role of hypoxia in activating the pathway of angiogenesis was prominent in comparison with exercise training by PGC-1α.