Iranian Muslim Community: The analytical recognition of political society as underlying the Islamic Republic as an Ummah-Imāmat-based System

In the context of a political society, as soon as a political system is established, the constitutional law will be formed. Thus the constitution aims to regulate the political society in line with legal principles. Therefore, one needs to have a good understanding of "political society" in order to discern and evaluate its corresponding constitutional law. A political society itself is affected by environmental, cultural, political, economical and historical conditions. That is why the elements of a political society in different societies are different. This article seeks to recognize and redefine the demographic context in which the political system of the Islamic Republic of Iran is formed. The findings of this research show that the political society of the Islamic Republic of Iran (Iranian community, not Iranian nation, nor Islamic community) subsists on two elements: ' vast majority of Muslims' and 'religious leadership'(imamate). It is these two elements, not the national interests, internanational geographical borderlines, or common language and history, that not only constitute the fundemental and genuine axis of unity in this well-organized political society but also make it distiguishable from other societies. The Islamic Republic reflecs the aspirations and wishes of a unified and organized community of believers on the same land, not a community of nationalists of common interests.