Institutional performance and Brain Drain from developing and Least Developed ‎countries ‏)‏Comparative institutional analysis of ‎‏100‏‎ origin‏ ‏countries‎

In the institutional-structural framework, the brain drain is a reaction to the inappropriate ‎structure and poor performance of the institutions of society, which is the result of uneven ‎development in the developing and least developed countries. It seems that the brain drain ‎from these countries has a structural and institutional reasons that is assessed in ‎international studies of institutional performance. Based on the comparative institutional ‎analysis, the highest rate of brain drain has been experienced by South Asian countries (Iran, ‎Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Nepal). International data show that Iran among ‎the countries of South Asia has the most brain drain after India, and has sixth rank in the ‎brain drain among the‏100 ‏‎ developing and least developed countries. In this study, political ‎instability and economic corruption are considered to be the most effective indicators of ‎institutional performance on brain drain. The most important institutional difference ‎between the studied countries in rate of their brain drain is in their institutional ‎performance. The poor institutional performance has not only resulted in the institutional ‎transfer of elites to advanced countries, but also strengthens the possibility of non-returning ‎elites to their countries‏.‏