Figures of speech in Abvab Al-Janan written by Molla Vaez-e Qazvini

Rafi’ al-Din Mohammad ibn Fath Allah Vaez-e Qazvini is one of Imamieh clergymen and also a literary man, poet and scholar in the 11th century A.H. during the kingdom of Shah Abbas Safavid (1052-1077 A.H.) up to the early kingdom of Shah Soleiman (1077 A.H.). He was very professional in poetry and prose and was also widely aware of rhetorical figures, speech, prosody, and rhetoric. Moreover, He had a grasp of knowledge in various sciences such as mathematics, astronomy, philosophy, and medicine and he has applied the terminology of those sciences in his works. The purpose of writing Abvab al-Janan in 8 volumes was based on the idea of 8 entrance gates of Paradise so that everyone who refers to that book would have entrance to 8 gates of Paradise. Generally, Abd al-Qaher Jorjani classifies rhetoric into 2 branches: The branch which is related to parts of speech and another which concerns their composition and compilation. The fields related to parts of speech include pun, adnominatio, anadiplosis, palindrome, rhyme, couplet, metonymy, figure, and metaphor. Semantic figures (Mohasanat-e Ma'navieh) consist of comparison, contrast, objection, allusion, epanandos, amphiboly, symmetry, hyperbole, and stichomythia. This article attempts to investigate the frequency of figures of speech in both lexical and semantic figures (Mohasanat-e Lafzieh and Mohasanat-e Ma'navieh) in the 8th and 9th chapters of Abvab al-Janan.