Two Accounts of “the political” and Government pattern in the thoughts of the Middle Ages of Islam

One of the issues that can be studied in the thought of the middle Ages is the perception of Muslim scholars is "the political". Every conception of the political also implies the prescription of a specific type of government pattern. What is the point of view of Muslim scholars on the political and what has affected the pattern of government is the question in the present research. What is the purpose of this article in the two important approaches of the thought of the Islamic period, namely, the philosophical ethics and the Andarz Nameh writing, which is prominent in the political narrative, and which model of government it emanates from. In the narrative of philosophical ethics, the political means to create an organic and transcendental environment for the continuation of action arising from the inner desire of humans. "Friendship" is the most important part of the achievement of such a community. This narrative leads to the presentation of the state's organic model. In the second narrative, the world of human beings is a permanent controversy. In this situation, the political means the efforts of rulers to maintain power from the struggle of "others"; a struggle that is permanent and endless. The second narrative offers a toolkit for a mechanical state to sustain and expand power.