The Politics, the Formation and Hegemony of Revolutionary Discourse; Political Islam in Iran

Politics are formed within a discourse, based on the duality of hostility and sympathy, or the incongruous and congrouos relationship with "other" discourses. Discourses with the definition of politics determine, on the one hand, the identity frontiers between the "insider" and "other" forces and, on the other, define the political conflicts in a community. The collapse of the Pahlavi regime and, eventually, its dismantling, was the result of a conflict among the discourses and the political Islamist discourse was at the head of them. The emergence of this discourse was more reactive than active to Pahlavi's discourse, which sought to stabilize itself in the context of the discourses of society by highlighting the other elements and marginalizing of religious discourse as non-existent. Accordingly, the present study examines how the political process was shaped by Pahlavi's discourse and its impact on the formation of the revolutionary political discourse of Islam in a crucial period in contemporary Iranian history. In this research, the researcher is trying to show how the political formulation of Pahlavi discourse has influenced the formation of the revolutionary political discourse of Islam in Iran by the method of Laclau and Moffe’s discourse analysis and the extraction of concepts and categories related to the political concept. Our hypothesis in this paper is that the political formulation of Pahlavi discourse in the form of full hostility with religious discourse led to the politicalization of religion and the formation of revolutionary political discourse in Iran.