The Effect of Biosurfactant of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae on Biofilms Produced by Staphylococcus Aureus, Epidermidis and Saprophyticus: A Laboratory Study

Biosurfactants are amphiphilic molecules produced by microorganisms that due to  surfactant activity, have several applications in different industries such as cleaning, emulsification, foaming and dispersion. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of biosurfactant extracted from saccharomycess cerevisiae on biofilm formation of staphylococcus aureus (PTCC 1112), staphylococcus saprophyticus (PTCC 1440) and staphylococcus epidermidis (PTCC 1435). The effect of this biosurfactant on the removal of the mentioned bacteria’s biofilms was also assessed. In this laboratory study, after Saccharomycess cerevisiae cultivation for producing biosurfactant  and extraction of the produced biosurfactant , the effect of the extracted biosurfactant in preventing the formation of biofilms of staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus saprophyticus and staphylococcus epidermidis was assessed using  96-well polystyrene microplate and absorbance reader at 570nm by ELISA reader. The same method was used for determining the ability of biosurfectant in removal of biofilms. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. The means of treatments were compared with Duncan's method at a confidence level of 99%. The results showed that biosurfactant of saccharomycess cerevisiae had an emulsification index equal to 55%. The biosurfactant activity was determined via  the oil displacement method and the area of displaced oil was 2.5±0.5 cm2. The results showed  the biosurfactant produced by saccharomycess cerevisiae had the most effect on preventing biofilm formation by staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus saprophyticus. Biosurfactant caused the all tested bacteria’s biofilms to be removed.  Biosurfactant produced by saccharomycess cerevisiae has strong  anti-biofilm activity against biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus, epidermidis and saprophyticus.