The Artistic and Aesthetic Phenomena of the Farewell Pilgrimage Sermon and its Stylistics Features

This article deals with a technical study of the famous Farewell Pilgrimage sermon in order to reveal its structural foundations and its artistic and aesthetics features. We know that this sermon is one of the masterpieces of Arabic literature and Islamic cultural heritage that reveals human rights before the earthly constitutions legislate what human rights are. This sermon shows the road map and reveals the signs and expresses divine rules. This precious heritage is a historic document that is valuable in advocating humanitarian virtues and good conduct. This article, based on the descriptive-analytical approach, aims to study the Holy Prophet's idea of this sermon and its technical and methodological characteristics as it reveals us the greatness of Islam and its prophet. This research begins with the introduction to the style of modern writing, and then addresses these five axes and the 1) the text of the sermon and its documents, 2) ideas in the sermon and its position compared to other sermons of the Prophet (pbuh), 3) the affective side of the sermon, 4) artistic and structural phenomena in the sermon, 5) semantic and communicative phenomena in the sermon. The method of research is descriptive and analytical approach based on the study of the text of the sermon and the extraction of its and aesthetics, relying on the nature of the text in terms of its special composition and its technical and stylistic potential. One of the results of this article is that the Great Prophet (Pbuh) incorporated various forms of repetition and confirmation within his text in order to draw the attention of the listeners to his words and to convince them. In most cases, this sermon was composed of brief phrases. Time preference (introduction and delay) is a stylistic phenomenon in this sermon which is full of rhetorical meanings and beautiful images. The general structure of the sermon was mostly composed of verbal sentences, so that these sentences were included in the text of the sermon as a technical inclusion that made the text more kinetic and dynamic.