Baghdad on the eve of the Mongol invasion and the fall of Abbasid caliphate

Abbasi caliphate after five centuries of rule over a wide territory of the Islamic world was exposed to severe weaknesses. Eventually, due to the neglect and disloyalty of the two last caliphs of this dynasty, the center of the caliphate of Islam in Baghdad was handed over to the Mongolian troops by the command and control of the Holakukhan And the unified Islamic state collapsed and severely damaged the civilization of Islam, which may well be said that to this day its negative impact remains. In this article, it has been attempted, based on ancient and somewhat contemporary sources, to present a brief, image of the Muslim world on the eve of the Mughal attack and how to encircle Baghdad in 656 AH and surrender to the late Abbasi caliphate.