Practical thinking development by Designing Educational Activities Based on Vygotsky's Dialectical Theory

Abstract The objective of the present study was to examine theeffect of designing educational activities based on the Vygotsky's dialectical theory on the development of Practical thinking. In this study, a multi-group with pre-test and pre-test design was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the male students at eight grade, first year of high school in the Asadabad City from 2016-2017. Two sampling methods including multistage cluster sampling and purposeful sampling were used in this study. For each of the groups, the educational activities of the thinking and life style were designed in a separate way. The distinctive components for designing of activity in each group based on the position and interaction of the elements of the position.The instrument used in this study was a researcher-made thinking in-action test. The validity of the test was determined by experts in the field of educational psychology and its reliability was calculated by Cronbach's alpha of 0.70. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results of one-way variance analysis((F=123,336 & P<0,001) indicated that the effect of the education through the 3rd educational activity designed to improve the students' Practical thinking of students was better than the one and the second activity and the effect of the training through second educational activities to develop Practical thinking better than first activity.