Comparison of serum vitamin D levels in threatened abortion patients and women with normal pregnancy

Spontaneous abortion is the most common complication of pregnancy. Identifying the associated factors can play an important role in preventing it and improving pregnancy outcomes. Some studies have suggested an association between vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and abortion. Therefore, this study was performed with aim to compare serum levels of vitamin D in threatened-abortion patients and women with normal pregnancy.

This case-control study was performed in 2016 on 46 pregnant women referred to Loghman Hakim and Mahdieh hospitals in Tehran in two groups of threatened-abortion and normal pregnancy less than 20 weeks. Blood samples of the subjects were assessed for vitamin D serum level. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 16) and independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, and chi-square tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The mean of 25(OH)D concentration was 22.49 ±9.22 ng/ml in case group and 30.36 ±10.03 ng/ml in control group and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.008).

Serum 25(OH)D levels in threatened-abortion pregnant women are lower than in women with normal pregnancy. Low serum levels of vitamin D can be considered as a risk factor for threatened-abortion.