Comparison of the Effects of Hydrocele Extracted from Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) on staphylococcal biofilm

The biofilm of bacteria, especially pathogenic bacteria, endanger food safety due to their high resistance to disinfectants; use of herbal extracts, essential oils and hydrocele during extraction of essential oils is one of the ways to combat the resistance microbial biofilms. Therefore, the effect of hydrocele extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa) and cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) on staphylococcal biofilm was investigated in this study.

In this experimental study, the hydrocele of turmeric and cinnamon was extracted using steam distillation method. After isolation of essential oil, 10, 30 and 50% concentrations were used to investigate the anti-biofilm effects. Anti-biofilm effect against Staphylococcus aureus (PTCC 1112), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (PTCC 1440) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (PTCC 1435) was evaluated using ELISA reader. The efficacy of both hydroceles in removing bacterial biofilms formed on different surfaces (glass, steel and polyvinyl chloride) was determined by microbiological culture method.

The results showed that optical density in control samples of Staphylococcus aureus, epidermidis and saprophyticus was 0.254±0.03, 0.138±0.019, and 0.146±0.017, respectively, but after exposure to 50% cinnamon hydrocele reached 0.072±0.011, 0.096±0.021, and 0.064±0.01, and after exposure to 50% turmeric hydrocele reached 0.074±0.02, 0.098±0.021, and 0.057±0.011, respectively. Investigation of the efficiency of hydrocele in removal of formed biofilms showed that the highest decrease was in the case of Staphylococcus saprophyticus biofilm formed on glass and steel surfaces, and the logarithm of bacterial population declined from 4 to 1 in the presence of 50% hydrocele (p ≤ 0.05).

The results of this study showed that the hydrocele extracted from cinnamon and turmeric is effective in preventing biofilm formation of staphylococcal bacteria and eliminating the formed biofilm.