Comprehensive review of two opposite jurisprudential approaches in determining the amount of ta'zir

From the basic and controversial issues of Ta'zir, the issue is the amount of ta'zir. An issue with two completely opposite approaches. In the first approach, some jurisprudents have expressed different opinions, sometimes incommensurable, about the amount of ta'zir, with the sole emphasis on the terms of some narratives or following their previous jurisprudents, which makes it impossible to obtain a single theory. In the second approach, other jurists, according to other narratives, as well as the phrases of the narrations of the ta'zir, have given the theory, without specifying the amount for ta'zir, that the ta'zir is indeterminate and entirely in the hands of the Imam or the ruler, so as to determine the amount of expediency. In this paper, with full text in all jurisprudential books, all theories of early to contemporary jurisprudents are collected, categorized and criticized. By examining theories of the first approach and the implications for them, the second approach is due to the acceptance of the arguments mentioned, discretion and explanation.