Toponym as a Part of Phraseological Units: Semantic Aspect (Based On the German, English and Russian Languages)

The article is devoted to the analysis of the internal form and functioning of phraseological units with the toponymic component in the German, English and Russian languages. The relevance of the study is due to the focus of modern linguistic research on the study of the cultural factor in the language. Toponym as a component of a phraseological unit is one of the universals of culture and performs the function of storing and transmitting traditions, history, and culture of a people, that is why it is a special linguistic sign. The problem of the national-cultural component of the toponym meaning helps to reveal the peculiarities of the phraseological world-image of the ethnic groups of the analyzed languages. The scientific novelty of the work is that it studies the culture-bound features of phraseological units with the toponymic component from the standpoint of the linguocultural approach to the study of collocations. This approach allows to reveal the historical and cultural nature of the toponymic component and to identify the peculiarities of the formation of these units, which contain culturally significant information. In addition, in this paper, based on the classification proposed by V. P. Zhukov, the studied phraseological units are divided into subgroups according to their motivation.The theoretical significance of the work is in a detailed study of phraseological units with the toponymic component, which contributes to the further development of onomastic phraseology. The practical significance of the work is determined by the opportunity to use the materials of this study in lectures and seminars on lexicology, linguoculturology, intercultural communication.