Archaeological Landscape Readings(Reconstructing perceptual and natural layers)

. The ancient landscape is a natural habitat in human societies that has evolved over time through human activities. A landscape that is the result of the combination of human activities and the nature, and these landscapes represent the evolution of human societies over time as created by physical deterrents, features of the natural environment, and internal and external cultural, social and economic factors. They embody a variety of interactions between man and the natural environment, including the geographic region associated with a particular person or activity or a historical event, so that it expresses a balanced relationship between culture and nature. In this article, the main issue is how to read archaeological landscapes. The goal is to achieve landscape reading techniques, which require explanation of concepts and methodology, using theoretical and empirical work. Hence, it is the observation and understanding of past cultural influences in the evolution of the territory and adaptation of the groups that lived there. In essence, this cultural evolution is considered in understanding of some of the elements, which are the result of changes in cultural groups related to the environment and its impact on the landscape. The most important question is how to read these landscapes and how can we, by analyzing the structure of the ecological and perceptual layers, find a way to rebuild and ultimately read archaeological landscapes? Based on this hierarchy, the correct way of recognizing landscape values, identifying and exploring the components of the landscape, identifying the priorities and examining the connections between them, taking into account the ancient region and its surroundings as a coherent whole, attention to environmental components such as vegetation, animal wildlife, human beings elements, their local community and their activities, Together with the recognition of perceptual layers (the use of senses), as well as the analysis of components, taking into account a homogeneous whole, etc., should be considered according to place and time