A Critical Approach to the Book of Regional Security in the Middle East

The Middle East has been the important region of the world in terms of security, with many texts written about it especially in recent years. One of the recent texts on this subject is the book "Regional Security in the Middle East" by Pinar Biligin, which studies the security trends based on the relationship between the region and practical practices in the quadrangle pattern including the Middle East, the Arab Regional System, the Islamic Middle East, and the Euro-Mediterranean, with a critical approach. In this article which reviews the book mentioned above, the main question is, what is the theoretical and practical innovation of a critical review of regional security in the Middle East from Biligin’s point of view? The main hypothesis of the paper is that the critical approach to regional security, while criticizing traditional theories, has tried to introduce a new pattern of regional security derived from the security community of Karl Deutsch and his colleagues. However, in practice, its formation is facing serious challenges. Indeed, Bilgin has tried to look at the traditional views of regional security in the Middle East, introducing a native model that looks at security from the bottom up and from the inside out, although, in practical terms, regional security in the Middle East is still state-centered and top-down.