Meta-Analysis of Studies Related to Ethical Leadership in Managment

 Today, organizations and companies use different approaches to accomplish their goals; but given the growing moral crisis in different aspects, the need to improve ethics among employees is of paramount importance. However, leaders of organizations can play an important role with their ethical behavior. The present study aims to conduct a meta-analysis on ethical leadership.

 The research was descriptive in terms of objective and had a meta-analysis approach. The statistical population of the research consisted 144 articles of internal and external ethical leadership articles over the past 7 years and 78 articles were selected using non-random sampling with inclusive criteria. A coding form was used to collect the required data. Data analysis was performed using CMA2 (effect size calculation) software.

 The results of the meta-analysis of the 16 hypotheses showed that the effect size of the 11 hypotheses was medium (between 0.3 and 0.5), and the five hypotheses were large (greater than 0.5). Also, the highest and the lowest relationship were reported between ethical leadership with psychological empowerment and deviant behavior.

 According to the findings, it can be said that increasing the level of ethical leadership components of managers in organizations leads to increasing the level of useful variables such as psychological empowerment, identity, trust, and organizational commitment, and decreasing variables such as burnout, deviant behaviors and turnover intention.