Sistan and Baluchistan security challenges following Taliban and ISIL presence in Afghanistan

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, the definition of security changed and terrorism was considered a threat to state security. The government of Iran and Afghanistan have been involved in the issue of terrorism and its security and political implications for many years. Meanwhile, Iran, especially Sistan and Baluchistan province, has suffered greatly from the presence of terrorist elements. As al-Qaeda and the Taliban have a relatively active presence in Afghanistan, ISIL's presence has now added to Afghanistan's security challenges and increased the security threats to Iran and Sistan and Baluchistan province. Accordingly, the present study seeks to answer the question, what security challenges will the Taliban and ISIS presence in Afghanistan have for Sistan and Baluchistan? According to the research question, our hypothesis is that the presence of Taliban and ISIS terrorist groups in Afghanistan could lead to social threats, such as changing the demographic structure, provoking Sunnis in the Balochistan region, economic threats including inter-state trade with regional countries, drug trafficking. In the political dimension, large-scale insecurity for the Iranian government and in the environmental dimension will aggravate the water crisis for the province. The research method is descriptive-analytical.