Prioritizing fire risks for high-rise buildings using a hybrid model of FISM and FANP

Fire is one of the most important dangers that threaten various places, including high-rise buildings, and the recognition of fire risks and awareness of their importance can dramatically reduce the financial losses and fatal accidents resulting from it in high-rise buildings. In this regard, the main purpose of the present research is to prioritize fire risks for high-rise buildings using a hybrid model of Fuzzy Interpretive Structural Modeling (FISM) and Fuzzy Analysis Network Process (FANP). In this study, 7 main fire risks and 39 Subsidiary fire risks for high buildings were extracted using an in-depth review of past studies. Then, the identified risks were prioritized by applying a hybrid model of FISM and FANP. The obtained results showed that “Risk of Fire Safety Management Status” (0.462), “Risk of Building’s Fire Performance” (0.297), “Risk of Firefighting Brigade” (0.275), “Human Behavior Risk” (0.255), “Risk of Catastrophic Factors” (0.131), “Risk of Fire Safety Equipment in Building” (0.129) and “Fire Safety Evacuation Risk” (0.089) were prioritized based on their important respectively. Subsidiary risks were also prioritized that the most important of them consist of “fire resistance of building materials”, “smoke zone and fire compartment division”, “distribution, lightning protection, and ground systems”, “internal fire load”. The present study could contribute to the development of fire risk literature and help fire engineers to recognize and behave about fire risks for high-rise buildings. In addition, in terms of methodology, the present study develops an integrated model of fuzzy multi-criteria decision-making that can eliminate the weakness of the combination of the aforesaid techniques.