Literary Criticism and Analysis of Social Contents In The Novel “Savushun”

The purpose of this study was to identify the social atmosphere of the pre-revolutionary years and to analyze such issues as the role of women in society, patriarchy, westernization, and the presence of colonialism and family, based on the narrator's narrative by descriptive-analytical method. Sociology of literature, on one hand, is related to literature, and on the other hand to sociology. In this method of critique, the structure and content of the literary work and its relation to society, and the mutual effects of literature and society, and how to reflect social issues from the author's point of view in a literary work are examined. The novel “Savushun” is the product of social conditions in the years of horror and violence after the coup on Aug. 19 1953; the period that the wishes and ideals of a freedom loving and nationalist nation were ruined due to the conspiracy of alien and domestic agents and various mistakes by the political and religious leaders, and disappointment, despair, the feeling of failure, and aloofness bothered the disunited Iranian community. The main aim of the author in this study is identifying the social environment of the years before the revolution and analyzing the points such as the role of women in the community, patriarchy, heroism, and the influence of the foreigners by relying on the novel “Savushun”. By subtlety and committing discernment, Daneshvar has tried to depict a part of bitter social realities and the agonies and sufferings as well as difficulties confronting the Iranian nation in those black years. She dealt with the problem of identity and position of Iranian women in the social transformations, and in her efforts for self-concept and releasing from veils, she incorporates the agreements and disagreements by criticizing the patriarchal community.