Osteoporosis risk factors in Tehrani women aged 40-60 years

Osteoporosis is one of the most common diseases among elderly adults and old people and it is associated with some risk factors. The aim of this study is to determine the osteoporosis risk factors among 40-60 year women in Tehran. This study was conducted on 749 non – pregnant women aged 40-60 years selected by cluster random sampling from urban population of Tehran. Related demographic and risk factors data were collected by a questionnaire. Dietary data was obtained by means of 3 days consecutive recalls and a calcium- rich food frequency questionnaire for one week. Data on physical activity and depression were obtained by standard questionnaires. Anthropometrical indicators and blood pressure were measured according to standard protocols. Bone mineral densities (BMD) of hip and spine were evaluated. Age (p<0. 001), menopausal status and its duration (p<0. 001), using estrogen and progesterone (p<0. 01), using supplements of multivitamin (p<0. 05) and calcium (p<0. 01) were associated with osteoporosis in both hip and spine. Drugs reducing bone density (p<0. 01) and body mass index (p<0. 001) were correlated with hip osteoporosis. Central obesity and systolic blood pressure were related to spine osteoporosis. No relationship was observed between depression, duration of sun light exposure, menarche age, period of reproducibility, history of osteoporosis in family and physical activity level with BMD in either hip or spine. As osteoporosis could lead to disability and death, it is recommended to consider risk factors in its prevention.