The Analysis of the Historical Roots of the Landscape Biography Approach

Landscape biography is a historical and interdisciplinary approach about the interaction between the audience and their environment. This approach assesses the nature which is changed by the human using a phenomenological perspective, and it is less known in Iran. According to the enriched history of Iran, knowing and using this approach in the historical landscape planning, which consists of a huge part of this country seems to be essential. The analysis of the philosophical roots of the landscape biography approach is useful for a better understanding of this concept. This approach first emerged as a result of the confrontation with the objective and subjective separation in the landscape using the concepts of phenomenology. Husserl’s perspectives as the father of phenomenology about the world-life, and Heidegger, who brought phenomenology at the level of ontology and linked it to hermeneutics, and also Gadamer, who expanded the philosophical hermeneutics, are the ones whose perspectives have been used in the landscape biography.

The main goal of this study is to have a better understanding of the modern history roots as the main criterion of this approach. History in the landscape biography is not defined as the consistency of the past, now and future, but it is considered nonlinearly.

The main question of this study is to find the nonlinear and dynamic roots of landscape biography. The main subjective concepts of this approach in phenomenology and hermeneutics have been assessed using descriptive analytics techniques, and these roots have been compared to historical criteria of the landscape biography using adaptive approach.

Finally, the deep effects of time philosophy from the perspective of hermeneutics on the modern historical perspectives in this approach were demonstrated. Similar to the time, landscape history has been for Dasein and it is always along with it, because according to Heidegger, it is not the past that is valuable but the originality with the future. Therefore, the historical landscape planning is valuable by the maintenance of the past phenomena and its integration with present.