Functional and qualitative indexes of Miyagawa Satsuma mandarin on six rootstocks ‎in East of Mazandaran

In this study, the effects of six citrus rootstocks: Swingle citromelo; Troyer citrange; Carizo citrange, C-35 citrange; Smooth flat sevill and Gou tou) on reproductive reactions of Miyagawa Satsuma mandarin was investigated during 5 years (2013-2017). Experiment was done in randomized complete block design with 96 trees. Results showed that trees on Swingle citromelo at the beginning of fruiting phase (2013 and 2014) was more productive (58 and 48 kg/tree respectively) than other rootstocks and they had the most annual mean yield (52 kg/tree), cumulative yield during 5 years (261 kg/tree) and minimum alternate bearing index (22.1%), statistically. Also, cold tolerance in this rootstock was more than others due to maintaining the flower and fruit and high final yield in the year after the frost (2014). Annual mean yield and cumulative yield during five years on Citranges (Troyer, Carizo and C-35) and Smooth flat sevill was statistically similar. But, the highest yield efficiency was obtained on C-35 (6.72 kg/m3). Fruits on Swingle citromelo, were more spherical (length/width: 0.953) and juicy (46.22%), on Carizo were more oblate (length/width: 0.939) and thinned peel (2.21 mm) and on C-35 were heavier (150.2 g) and more premature (harvest index: 11.21) than fruits on other rootstocks. Gou tou significantly increased the thickness of the peel (2.83 mm), reduced fruit juice (41.65%) and extended fruit ripening time (harvest index: 8.52). Also, trees on Gou tou had the highest alternate bearing index (42.4%) during five years.