Predictors of Self-care in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: An Application of the PRECEDE Model

Patients undergoing hemodialysis are exposed to various physical, psychological, and social stressors. Self-care activities can play a significant role in adapting to the disease process and improving their quality of life. In addition, using the PRECEDE-PROCEDE model, an appropriate scale can be obtained from these patients chr('39')perceptions, knowledge and attitudes toward their self-care and self-care knowledge, and based on this model, the relationship between factors and patientschr('39') self-care ability can be assessed. Therefore, the researchers decided to conduct a study predicting PRECEDE model constructs with self-care in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

This cross sectional study was performed on 80 patients referred to the Lordegan hospital. Life, health status, predisposing factors (knowledge and attitude), enabling, and enhancing along with self-care behaviors of hemodialysis patients were completed by interview. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were confirmed. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using Pearson correlation coefficient, ANOVA, t-test, and regression analysis.

 The mean and total deviation of self-care behaviors score was 32.38 12 12.83. 56.5% of people had poor self-care, 42.5% had moderate self-care, and 0.2% had good self-care. In addition, Pearson correlation test showed a significant relationship between PRECEDE-PROCEDE model items (reinforcing factors, enabling factors, and predisposing factors) and self-care (P <0.05). According to the results of regression analysis, the predictive power of the items of precession-process model (reinforcing factors, enabling factors and predisposing factors) was found to be 0.419.

 Considering the lack of self-care, behavior of hemodialysis patients and the need for a direct correlation between PRECEDE model constructs, appropriate interventions are recommended, especially educational interventions to promote self-care and increased emphasis on self-care.