The Process of Considering Happy and Sad Occasions and Events in Composing Persian Odes until the Beginning of the Seventh Century (Twenty prominent poets)

Ode is one of the main forms of Persian poetry, common from the fourth century until the beginning of the seventh century, which has been effective in reflecting the cultural and social concepts of Iranian society. In this article, based on content analysis method, after studying more than 3200 odes of twenty poets, the poems composed on happy or sad occasions and events have been chosen and the process of poet's attentions to those occasions in connection to the courts during different periods has been analyzed. The results show that in the poems of the fourth and fifth centuries, paying attention to the description of spring, describing feasts and, above all, insisting on the reflection of the celebrations of Mehregan</em> and Sadeh</em>, has given a happy atmosphere to most courts; but in  the following centuries, the attention paid to Iranian celebrations has diminished, and most poets of the central regions of Iran have insisted on describing Arabic feasts, such as Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha in their poems. Also, in the course of these centuries, the joy of court raised from of conquests, congratulations of Positions, celebrations, and other happy events related to praised one, were replaced with the personal or social grief of the poets, which are often reminiscent of the death of their loved ones, poverty, wars and conflicts, complaints, imprisonments, and famine of their time. From this viewpoint, poets connected with the courts of the Ghaznavids and Seljuks were happier than religious poets or those of the other courts.