An In-depth Analysis of the Criterion of Numerical Identity (Sameness) of the Body from the Viewpoint of some Islamic Thinkers

Using a descriptive-analytical method, this paper analyzes the criterion of numerical identity (sameness) of the body from the viewpoint of some Islamic thinkers in two aspects, the main components and the delicate body. Some Islamic thinkers believe that human truth and the criterion of human identity are its main and vital components, which will be constant over time and will not disappear even at death. Others believe that man has two material and delicate bodies, but the truth of man is the delicate body. They consider the soul to be the delicate body that is like water in mud and not an abstract thing.  This delicate body does not accept the changes and transformations of the material body, so it is constant and continuous over time. They have cited a number of narrative, rational, and empirical reasons to prove their claim. This criterion has several problems due to its materialistic view towards the human beings and also due to its inability to explain how the body continues at two different times and how to comprehend this continuity.